Alternative delivery systems, including needles with built-in safety shields, needleless I. V. access systems, PICC lines, gastrostomy buttons, wrist-access PCA pumps, dial-a-dose cartridge administration "pens, " subcutaneous jet injectors, and computerized central venous infusion pumps are explained. More than 30 photographs and 25% more illustrations provide a look at how to insert and remove an I. V. line, prepare a heparin lock, manage blood product transfusions, and more. Also included are CDC guidelines for universal precautions. Added chapters explore legal and ethical questions and documentation.