This history traces the long and stormy story of Gibraltar from the earliest times to its emergence as a self-governing colony in the twentieth century. The political and social development of the city is revealed but it is as a military fortress and naval base that Gibraltar will be familiar to most of its visitors. The history is explained in the context of the many remaining fortifications and buildings which make Gibraltar one of the most important heritage sites in the western Mediterranean, particularly for those interested in military history. A Visitor's Guide to exploring Gibraltar is also included which, combined with the author's scholarship and comprehensive illustrations, makes this a unique and valuable addition to the literature of this fascinating part of southern Europe.