This book gives a comprehensive description of various aspects of 2D semiconductors including their synthesis, surface science, characterizations, and their allied application in environmental remediation including air and water purification, oil-water separation, hydrogen production, and CO2 removal. The electronic and optoelectronic enhancement properties of these semiconductors with bandgap engineering, doping, and chemical functionalization for various applications are exemplified. Features: Provides focus on the application of 2D semiconductors for environmental applications. Covers the fundamental understanding of material design, fabrication, defect engineering, physical and chemical properties of 2D semiconductors, and their advantages for environmental applications. Focuses on the reliable future perspectives and developments that lead to advanced research in utilizing 2D materials for large-scale exploration and commercial deployment. Explores an in-depth insight into various aspects and processes for environmental remediation. Details the importance of 2D semiconductors over other 0D, 1D, or 3D semiconductors. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in materials science and environmental engineering.