National Language Arts Standards K-12 4. Students adjust their use of spoken, written, and visual language (e. g. , conventions, style, vocabulary) to communicate effectively with a variety of audiences and for different purposes. 5. Students employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately to communicate with different audiences for a variety of purposes. 7. Students conduct research on issues and interests by generating ideas and questions, and by posing problems. They gather, evaluate, and synthesize data from a variety of sources (e. g. , print and non-print texts, artifacts, people) to communicate their discoveries in ways that suit their purpose and audience. 12. Students use spoken, written, and visual language to accomplish their own purposes (e. g. , for learning, enjoyment, persuasion, and the exchange of information).