Monetary Laws of the United States, Volume I, is the narrative which discusses many of the monetary laws enacted by Congress, which are included within an appendix in Volume II. Read Monetary Laws to discover that only gold and silver coin are the only legal tender money in the United States of America as that term is understood by the U. S. Constitution. In 1862, legal tender paper currencies were made a legal tender within 'the United States' as defined to be the district constituting the seat of government of the United States. In 1933, F. D. R. issued executive order number 6102 which called in gold as a margin call only for those 'persons' defined as member banks of the Federal Reserve system and their shareholders who agreed to send in gold to cover their banking liabilities (which then were under serious strain). No American can be deprived of private property without due process and just compensation.