Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2016 in the subject Medicine - Dentistry, grade: A, , course: MDS, language: English, abstract: This book analyses different types of retrograde filling materials. The major goals of root canal treatment are to clean and shape the root canal system and seal it in 3 dimensions to prevent reinfection of the tooth. Although initial root canal therapy has high degree of success, failures can still occur after treatment. Recent studies reported failure rates of 14%–16% for initial root canal treatment. Lack of healing is attributed to persistent intraradicular infection residing in previously uninstrumented canals, dentinal tubules, or in the complex irregularities of the root canal system. The extraradicular causes of endodontic failures include periapical actinomycosis, a foreign body reaction caused by extruded endodontic materials, an accumulation of endogenous cholesterol crystals in the apical tissues, and an unresolved cystic lesion. This book is composed of ten chapters and begins with the need of root-end resection. The succeeding chapters deal with the method and concept of root-end resection, root end preparation to receive the material, ideal requirements of materials to be placed in the resected and prepared root-end. The concluding chapters describe various root-end materials available in the market so far and their properties, focusing on each individual material one by one, their advantages and disadvantages. This book will prove useful to Endodontists and Researchers in the field of endodontic surgeries & root-end filling materials. Also it would provide the undergraduate and postgraduate students an easy way of reference for covering a broad spectrum of Root-end filling Materials available today, in lucid and simple language.