​Manitoba became Canada's fifth province when it entered Confederation in 1870, after a massive land transfer, a violent rebellion and a famous execution. **[Louis Riel]** **Canadian Confederation** was the **process by which the British colonies of the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia**, and **New Brunswick** were **united into one federation, Canada, on July 1, 1867**. Upon confederation, the **old province of Canada was divided into Ontario and Quebec**; along with **Nova Scotia and New Brunswick**, the new federation thus **comprised four provinces**. Over the years since Confederation, Canada has seen numerous territorial changes and expansions, resulting in the current union of ten provinces and three territories. Wikipedia **The “Fathers of Confederation"** are the men who attended one or more of the conferences at Charlottetown, Québec and London. **For Manitoba, that means William McDougall,** an Ontario journalist and politician who Canada named the first lieutenant-governor of the Northwest Territories. **Although considered a founder of Manitoba, Louis Riel is not officially recognized as a Father of Confederation, however a debate exists today about whether he should be. **